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Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome; a definition
 
 
 

Follow link and click on pictures to experience
Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome for yourself.

Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome is sometimes called Irlen Syndrome after Helen Irlen, who in the early 1980's discovered that some people with poor reading showed a marked and immediate improvement by simply overlaying the pages with coloured plastic (e.g. acetate sheets).
 
It is believed that this condition affects, to varying degrees, approximately 12% of the population and that the condition is somehow caused by the brain and/or eye incorrectly processing/interpreting what the eye is seeing (ie. it is neurological). These people will have increased difficulty reading and studying. Unfortunately standard sight tests and most educational assessments do not detect this condition. Fortunately, awareness of this condition is now improving.

The main symptoms of Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome:

Light Sensitivity causes discomfort or difficulty under the following conditions:-
glare from lights (e.g. from on-coming headlights on cars)
glare from surfaces (e.g. glaring spots of sunlight on cars)
bright lighting
fluorescent lights
sunlight
night vision  
 
Contrast problems occur when difference between light and dark is very pronounced, for instance:
bold black text on bright white paper. The text or the background may appear to move, sometimes violently.
vertical or horizontal window blinds where the contrast between the blinds and outside world can be significant. The blind may appear to move and/or the sufferer may not be able to see through the blinds clearly.
stripy patterns and bold patterns such as those on some clothes, carpets, wallpaper, posters etc. can appear to move/vibrate and some patterns may appear to be three dimensional instead of flat.
These effects make reading such things as text, music, graphs, maps much more difficult and potentially tiring. Since wallpaper, carpets and clothes can also cause discomfort the world can feel a very harsh place.  
 
Restricted field of clear vision
This causes only a few letters on a page appear clear and the rest of the page appears slightly out of focus (these focusing problems are not due to short/long sightedness or any physical problem with the eye) For example when I read a sentence I can sometimes only clearly see a couple of letters at a time. Depending on the severity of the condition this will severely limit the persons ability to speed read or skim through a page of text. Being unable to physically clearly see whole words makes it harder to identify them quickly. Hence it is hard to instantly recognise words if only part of a word is seen clearly which makes learning to read extremely difficult.
Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome makes it more difficult to keep track of where you are on the page. It is very easy to accidentally start reading the line below or above, or the words/letters in the wrong order. It is also hard to find the next line to be read. I often either skip or re-read a line.
Suppose if when teaching a child to read every time they are shown a given word they see a different part of the word because they can’t simultaneously see all the letters - surely learning to read becomes nearly impossible?!  
 
Poor Depth Perception causes difficulty with judging the distance and the relationship between objects. A lack of depth perception can cause problems with such things as difficulty with ball sports, escalators, walking and bumping into objects, driving/cycling and judging heights (I have no perception of height and have no fear when looking over bridges, cliffs etc.)
 
Attention and concentration difficulties are caused as a result of these visual distortions. Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome impairs the ability of the individual to read, study and work efficiently and it often causes our eyes to feel uncomfortable. This lack of attention will probably display itself in one or more of the following ways:
difficulty staying on a task such as reading or studying
taking frequent breaks
restlessness
tiredness
Headaches and Migraines; a Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome sufferer is much more susceptible to headaches and migraines brought about by the visual distortions they are experiencing.

Follow link and click on pictures to experience
scotopic sensitivity syndrome for yourself.


 

...written for all the children and adults suffering
from and working with those who
suffer from similar problems...

Contact: Alison Hale hale@ndo.co.uk
  Last Modified: 28 May 2007
 
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